French Revolution

French Revolution from seemalal

FRENCH REVOLUTION Causes:
1. Division of the French society: it was divided into three Estates : the First-clergy :the Second-nobility : the Third- bussinessmen,merchants, poor peasants, labour, servants. First & second Estaes had 10% of the population and enjoyed all privileges. Rest was the third Estate -90% and were the tax payers.they also rendered their services to the other two classes.This kind of discrimination led to the revolt.
2. Despotic rule of Louis XVI : When he became the ruler of France in 1774, one found empty treasury and also drained the financial resources of France in wars. Aslo the cost of his and his wife’s regular extravaganza, lavish lifestyle resulted in the increase of taxes to run the country.
3. Rising prices / subsistence crisis : The population of France had increased, this resulted in more demand of food grains.So, the prices of bread rose rapidly, which the poor could not afford to buy and the gap between the rich and poor widened.
4. Rising middle class: A group within the third Estate who had become prosperous and had an sccess to the education and new ideas was called Middle class.All of them belived that no group should be privilged by birth rather it should be merit.
5. The inspiration of the philosophers:
Philosophers as Locke , Rousseau , Montesquieu propagated the ideas of a society where people would enjoy freedom, equal opportunities and equality .Their ideas inspired common people of France.

Q.. Which incident led to the out break of the revolution in France? OR What was the immediate cause of the French revolution?
ANS: Meeting of the Estates General: On 5th may 1789, Louis XVI called for a meeting to propose new taxes. Representatives of all the Estates were to meet at Versailles. All reached , there were 300 members from the first two Estates and 600 members from the Third Estate. They had to stand at the back peasants, artisans & women were denied the entry.
2. Demand of Universal Adult Franchise : members of the third Estate demanded the power for each member to vote . When the King rejected the demand, members of the Third Estate walked out of the Assembly to protest.
3.Formation of the National Assembly: since the number of the third estate was more, they considered themselves as the spokesmen of the nation and secretly met at the Tennis court of Versailles and declared themselves as the ‘National Assembly’. They wanted to end the feudal privileges of nobles and clergy.
4.Peasants Revolt : Rumours had spread that the king had commanded troops to move into the city and that they would destroy their rice crops. Peasants in several districts seized hoes and attacked residencies of their manors . They looted the hoarded grains and burnt the records of manorial dues.
5. Fall of the Bastille prision : During this political turmoil, French were already undergoing severe winters leading to bad harvest, which resulted in the rise in prices of bread. Angry women attacked the shops. It was the time when the king had ordered his troops to move into Paris. The angry mob attacked the Bastille prison on 14th July and this was the beginning of the revolution.

Q. What were the results of the French revolution of1789
1.Louis XVI finally gave recognition to the National Assembly.
2.King’s power were to be now checked by the constitution & constitutional monarchy was setup.
3.The Assembly passed a decree abolishing the feudal system of obligations and taxes.
4.Members of the clergy were forced to give up their privileges.
5.Tithes (taxes) were abolished and the lands owned by the church were confiscated.

Q. What do you understand by the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizens ?
1. The French constitution begins with the Declaration of Rights O man and the Citizens.
2. Rights such as the right to life , freedom of speech , freedom of opinion , equality before the law were established as Natural and inalienable rights, they belong to every individual by birth and could not be taken away. 3. It was the duty of every state to protect each citizen’s natural rights.
Q. Mention the political symbols mentioned in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizens.
1.The broken Chain : they were used to fetter slaves. It stands for the act of becoming free.
2.Bundle of rods or fasces : Strength lies in the unity.
3. The eye within the triangle of a radiating light : it stands for knowledge and the rays of sun will drive away the clouds of ignorance.
5.Snake biting its tail to form a ring : Symbol of eternity.
6. Red Phrygian cap: a cap worn by a slave upon becoming free.
7. Blue-white-red : The national colours of France.
8. The winged woman: Personification of the law.
9. The law tablet : The law is the same for all and all are equal before it.
Q. Name the most influential club during the French revolution.
OR Write the main feature of the Jacobin club. Who was its leader ?
The Jacobin club was the most prominent club during the French revolution.
1. It got its name from the former convent of St. Jacob in Paris.
2. Its members belonged to mainly the less prosperous sections of society – small shopkeepers, artisans, shoemakers, watchmakers, printers, servants and daily –wage earners.
3. Their leader was Maximilian Robespierre.
4. Jacobins decided to start wearing long striped trousers; this was to set themselves apart from the fashionable sections of the society, especially nobles, who wore knee breeches.
5. Jacobins came to be known as the sans-culottes, meaning those without knee breeches and also wore red caps which symbolized liberty.
Q Write about the Insurrection planned by the Jacobinans.
OR How did the people of France get right to vote?
1.In the summer of 1792 the Jacobins planned an insurrection of a large number of Parsians who were angered by the shortage of food supplies and its high prices.
2.On the morning of August 10 they stormed the Palace of the Tuileries, massacred the king’s guards and the king a hostage for several hours.
3.Later the Assembly voted to imprison the royal family.
From then all men of 21 years and above, regardless of the wealth got the right to vote.

Sample paper-cbse- SA-11-2012

Sample Question Paper
SOCIAL SCIENCE
Class-IX
Summative Assessment- II
March - 2012
List of Map Items for Examination


TIME : 3 Hrs
MM : 90

Geography

Chapter 4 (Climate)
(Meteorological Stations)
For Location & Labelling : Thiruvananthapuram, Chennai, Jodhpur, Jaipur, Bangalore,
Mumbai, Kolkata, Leh, Shillong, Delhi, Nagpur.

Chapter 5
(Natural Vegetation & Wild life)

(a) For Location & Labelling :
(i) National Parks : Corbett , Kaziranga, Ranthambhor,
Dachigam, Rajaji, Shivpuri, Kanha Kisli, Simlipal, Keoladeo
Guindy, Bandipur,
(ii) Wild life Sanctuaries : Sariska, Mudumalai, Periyar,
Chandaka.
(b) For Identification :
Forest Zones : Tropical Evergreen Forests, Tropical Thorn
Forests, Mangrove Forests, Tropical Deciduous Forests,
Montane Forests.
Chapter 6
(Population)

(a) For Location & Labelling :
The state having highest density of population.
The state having lowest density of population.
The state having highest sex ratio.
The state having lowest sex ratio.
The most populous state of India.
The most sparsely populated state of India.
Note : Items for location & Labelling may be asked for identification.

Sample Question Paper
SOCIAL SCIENCE
Class-IX
Summative Assessment- II
March - 2012
TIME : 3 Hrs Maximum Marks : 90
Instructions :

1.The question paper has 31 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
2. Marks are indicated against each question.
3. Questions from serial number 1-10 are multiple choice questions (MCQ) of 1 mark each.
Every MCQ is provided with four alternatives. Write the correct alternative in your answer book.
4. Questions from serial number 11 to 22 are 3 marks questions. Answer of these questions should not exceed 80 words each.
5. Questions from serial number 23 to 30 are 5 marks questions. Answer of these questions should not exceed 120 words each.
6. Question number 31 is a map question of 4 marks from Geography only. After completion, attach the map inside your answer book.
1. Till the eighteenth century the shape of the cricket bat was in the shape of hockey stick. Choose the correct reason :
a) The ground was uneven.
b) The ball was bowled underarm along the ground.
c) There was no limit on the shape and the size of the bat.
d) It was easy to play in open ground.
OR
Which combination was suggested by the Rabindra Nath Tagore for India's national dress?

a) Elements of Hindu and Muslim Dress.
b) Elements of Hindu and Parsi Dress.
c) Elements of Muslim and European Dress.
d) Elements of European and Hindu Dress.

2. Why is cricket match different from other sports? Choose the correct answer.
a) The match can go on for five days and still end in a draw.
b) The playing time is an hour and half.
c) The dimension of the playing area is specified.
d) The game gets completed in nine innings.
OR
The red cap introduced by Jacobin Club symbolized :
a) Liberty
b) Equality
c) Broken Chain
d) Fraternity
3. Which one of the following types of forests is found in the Ganga-Bramputra Delta?
a) Thorny forest
b) Montane forest
c) Mangrove forest
d) Tropical Rain forest
4. Which one of the following provides an ideal habitat for the animal 'Yak'?
a) Sunderbans
b) Swampy and marshy lands of Assam
c) Rann of Kutch
d) Freezing high altitudes of Ladakh
5. Which of the following statements is against the democratic process of elections?
a) Parties and candidates should be free to contest elections.
b) Elections must be held regularly immediately after the term is over.
c) The right to vote should be given to the selected people only.
d) Elections should be conducted in a free and fair manner.
6.Which one of the following is a violation of the right to life or personal liberty?
a) The arrested person was informed about the reason of his arrest.
b) He was produced before the court within 24 hours of his arrest.
c) He was not allowed to consult his lawyer.
d) He was shown the warrant before arrest.
7. Which one of the following rights is available to the citizens of India and not to the citizens of Saudi Arabia?
a) The country is ruled by a hereditary king.
b) Citizens cannot form political parties.
c) Women are subjected to many public restrictions.
d) Citizens enjoy the freedom of religion.
8.Which one of the following is not considered as a social indicator of poverty?
a) Illiteracy level.
b) Lack of access of health care.
c) Inadequate safe drinking water.
d) Ample job opportunities.
9.Which one of the following does not ensure food security to the people?
a) Enough food is available for all the persons.
b) All persons have the capacity to buy food.
c) Extremely inadequate purchasing power.
d) There is no barrier on access to food.
10.Which Institution was set up by the Maharashtra Academy of Development Science (ADS) to facilitate a network of NGOs in different regions?
a) Gramin Bank
b) Grain Bank
c) Commercial Bank
d) Food Corporation of India
11. What is shifting cultivation? Why did the European foresters discourage the practice of shifting cultivation? 1+2=3
OR
How did the Pastoralists cope with the changes in the modern world? 3x1=3
OR
Explain the impact of introduction of machines in agriculture on poor farmers.
3x1=3
12. State any three important changes introduced in the game of cricket during the 19th century? 3x1=3
OR
What was the main objective of Sumptuary laws? Mention any two restrictions
imposed under these laws.
13. How is the climate of India governed by the atmospheric conditions? Explain with three suitable examples. 3x1=3
14. Describe any three features of advancing monsoon season. 3x1=3
15. In which region are the tropical thorny forests and shrubs found in India? Mention any four characterstics of such type of vegetation. 1+2=3
16. Explain three main processes of change of population in India. 3x1=3
17. How does the Election Commission of India regulate campaigns of political parties and candidates to ensure fair and equal chances to compete? 3x1=3
18. What are 'Reserved Constituencies'? Why was the system of reserved constituencies introduced in India? 1+2=3
19. Explain any three powers of the Prime Minister of India as Head of the State. 3x1=3
20. Explain with examples how the poverty line is estimated in India? 1½+1½=3
21. Explain any three causes for the widespread poverty in India. 3x1=3
22. Describe the three dimensions of food security. 3x1=3
23. Explain any five ideas of Dietech Brandis for management of forests in India during British period. 5x1=5
OR
Why are Maasais of Africa continuously losing their grazing grounds? Explain any five reasons.
OR
How did the Enclosure Movement benefit Britain. Explain any fine benefits. 5x1=5
24. Explain any five reasons for increase in deforestation under colonial rule. 5x1=5
OR
What was the impact of the colonial policies on the life of the pastoralists. Explain any five. 5x1=5
OR
Why were the peasants not willing to grow opium in their fields? 5x1=5
25. "Th Battle of Waterloo was won on the playing field of Eton". Justify the statement with any five suitable arguments. 5x1=5
OR
"The introduction of western style clothing in the 19th centuary in India met with severe reactions in different ways". Support the statement with suitable arguments.5
26. Describe any five provisions made in the National Population Policy of 2000. 5x1=5
27. Name the two houses of Parliament in India. Which of the two houses in more
powerful? Justify your answer with any three suitable arguments. 1+1+3=5
28. "Rights are necessary for the very sustenance of a democracy". Give any five
arguments to support the statement. 5x1=5
29. Explain five important anti-poverty measures undertaken by the Government of India. 5x1=5
30. What is buffer stock? Why is the buffer stock created by the government? 1+4=5
31.a)Two features A and B are shown in the political outline map of India. Identify these features with the help of following information and write their correct names on the line marked on the map. 2x1=2
A-Type of forest
B-The state having lowest sex-ratio
b) On the same political outline map of India locate and label the following items with appropriate symbols:
(i) Thiruvananthapuram - A weather station
(ii) Corbett National Park
2x1=2
Note : The following questions are for the BLIND CANDIDATES only in lieu of
Q.No. 31.
(31.1) Name the type of forest found in most parts of Arunachal Pradesh.
(31.2) Which state has the lowest sex ratio?
(31.3) Name the weather station located in the southern part of Karela.
(31.4) Name any national park located in Uttarakhand (Uttaranchal). 4x1=4

Marking Scheme
SOCIAL SCIENCE
Class-IX
Summative Assessment- II
March - 2012
TIME : 3 Hrs MM : 80
Q.no Marks
1 ______________________ (b) or (a) 1
2 ______________________ (a) or (a) 1
3 ______________________ (c) 1
4 ______________________ (d) 1
5 ______________________ (c) 1
6 ______________________ (c) 1
7 ______________________ (d) 1
8 ______________________ (d) 1
9 ______________________ (c) 1
10 _____________________ (b) 1
11 _____________________ (b) 1
12 _____________________ (c) 1
13 _____________________ (c) 1
14 _____________________ (b) 1
15 _____________________ (c) 1
16 _____________________ (d) 1

11. (i) In shifting cultivation, parts of the forest are cut and burnt in rotation. Seeds are sown in the ashes. Such plots are cultivated for a couple of years and then left follow to regain fetility. 1 marks
ii) Europeans discouraged practice of shifting cultivation:
1. Considered the practice harmful for the forests.
2. Lands used for shifting cultivation could not be used to grow trees for railway
timber.
3. Danger of the flames spreading and burning valuable timber.
4. Difficulty in the calculation of taxes.
Any other relevant point 2 marks
Any two points (1+2=3 marks)
OR
Pastoralists coped with the changes by the following ways.
1. Reduced the number of cattle.
2. Moved to new pasture lands.
3. Became agriculturalist.
4. Became traders.
Any other relevant point
Any three points 3x1=3
OR
Impact of introduction of machine in agriculture on poor farmers
1. It brought misery to poor farmers.
2.They came under debt.
3. They had to leave their farms.
4. Look for alternate jobs.
5. Difficulty in finding jobs.
Any other relevant point. Any three points. 3x1=3
12. Changes in the game of cricket1.
The exact circumference of the ball was specified.
2. Protective equipment like pads & gloves became available.
3. Boundaries were introduced where previously all shots had to be run.
4. Over arm bowling became legal.
Any other relevant point. Any three points 3x1=3
OR
Objective of Sumptuary laws was to control the behaviour of those considered social inferiors.
1 Restrictions.
1. Preventing them from wearing certain clothes.
2. Consuming certain foods & beverages.
3. Hunting game in certain areas.
Any other relevant point. Any two points to be mentioned 2
13. The climate of India is governed by the following atmospheric conditions.
a) Pressure and surface winds.
b)Upper air circulation.
c) Western cyclonic disturbances and tropical cyclones.
(a) Development of low and high pressure during different seasons and the consequent development and pattern of wind movements.
(b) Development and the position of Jet stream during different seasons.
(c) Inflow of western disturbances during winters and the development of tropical cyclones over the seas. Explanation of each point. 3x1=3
14.Features of Advancing Monsoon:
(i) June to September is the period of advancing monsoon.
(ii) Development of monsoon low pressure trough.
(iii) Formation of south west monsoon winds.
(iv) Distribution of rainfull across the country.
(v) Breaks in monsoon.
(vi) Known for uncertainties.
Any other relevant feature Any three points to be explained
3x1=3
(ix) The Monsoon is known for its uncertainties. The alternation of dry and wet spells vary in intensity, frequency and duration. It causes heavy floods in one part and droughts in the other.
(x) It is often irregular in its arrival and its retreat.
Any three features. 4x1=4
15. Thorn forests and scrubs are found in the north western part of India including semi-arid areas of
Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana. 1mark
Characteristics :
(i) Found in regions with less than 70cm of rainfall
(ii) Trees are scattered and have long roots penetrating deep into soil to get moisture.
(iii) Stems are succulent to conserve water.
(iv) Leaves are thick and small to minimise evaporation.
1+2=3 marks
16. Any two points: 1+2=3
In India
(i) Birth Rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year. It is a major component of growth of population. In India birth rates have always been higher than death rates.
(ii) Death Rate is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. Rapid decline in death rate is the main cause of rapid growth in population rapidly. Since 1981 birth rate has also started declining
resulting in a gradual decline in the rate of population growth.
(iii) Migration is the movement of people across regions and territories. Migration can be internal or international. Internal migration does not change the size of the population within the nation.
Migration plays a very significant role in changing the composition and distribution of population.3x1=3
17. According to our election commission laws no party or candidate can:
i) Bribe or threaten voters
ii) Appeal to voters in the name of caste or religion
iii) Use government resources for election campaign ;
iv) Spend not more than 25 lakhs in a constituency for Lok Sabha election or 10 lakhs in a constituency in an assembly election. 3x1=3
Any other relevant point.
Any three points.
18.Reserved Constituencies:
Some constituencies are reserved for people who belong to the Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST). In these constituencies, only someone who belongs to these categories
can contest election.
Arguments for introduction of Reserved Contituencies
(i) The Constitution makers were worried that in an open electoral competition, certain weaker sections may not stand a good chance to get elected to Lok Sabha and the State Legislative Assemblies.
(ii) They may not have the required resources, education and contacts to contest and win elections against others.
(iii) If the reservation is not done, our Parliament and Assemblies would be deprived of the voice of a significant section of our population. 3+1=3
19. Powers of the Prime Minister as Head of the State.The Prime minister:
(i) chairs cabinet meetings.
(ii) coordinates the work of different departments.
(iii) exercises general supervision of different ministries.
(iv) distributes and redistributes work to the ministers.
(v) has the power to dismiss ministers.
(vi) his/her decisions are final in case of disagreement between the departments.
Any other relevant point
Any three points to beexplained 3x1=3
20.The poverty line is estimated in India.
The common method used to estimate poverty line in India is based on income or consumption method.
Income Method - For the year 2000, the poverty line for a person was fixed at Rs 328 per month for the rural areas and Rs. 454 for the urban areas.
Consumption Method - The accepted average calorie requirement in India is 2400 calories per person per day in rural areas and 2100 calories per person per day in urban areas 1½+1½=3
21. Causes for the widespread poverty in India:
i) Low level of economic development under colonial rule.
ii) Less job opportunities
iii) Low growth rate of income.
iv) High growth rate of population.
v) Low per capital income
Any other relevant point
Any three points to be explained 3x1=3
22. Food security has following dimensions:1.
Availability of food means food production within the country, food imports and the previous years stock stored in government granaries.
2.Accessibility means food is within reach of every person
3. Affordability implies that an individual has enough money to buy sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet one's dietary needs.
Any other relevant point Any three points 3x1=3
23. Five Ideas of Dietrich Brandis for Management of forest in India
i) Training people in the science of conservation
ii) Framing rules about the use of forest resources
iii) Restriction on felling of trees
iv) Restriction on grazing
v) Preservation of forest for timber production
Anyother relevant point. Any five points to be explained. 5x1=5
OR
The main reasons for the continuous loss of grazing lands of Maasais:
(i) Europeon imperial powers scrambled for territorial possessions in Africa, slicing up the region into different colonies.
(ii) Maasai land was divided into British Kenya and German Tanganyika.
(iii) Thebest grazing lands were gradually taken over by white settlements andMaasais were pushed
into a small area.
(iv) The Maasais lost about 60 percent of their pre-coloical lands.
(v) They were confined to an arid zone with uncertain rainfall and poor pastures.
(vi) Large areas of grazing land were turned into game reserves.
Any other relevant point.
Any five points to be explained. 5X1=5
OR
(i) Grain production grew as quickly as population.
(ii)Landlords sliced up pasture lands, carved up open fields, cut up forest commons, took over marshes,
and turned larger areas into agricultural fields.
(iii) Enclosures were seen as necessity to make long term investments on land.
(iv) Planned crop rotation to improve their soil
(v) It also allowed the rich landowners to expand the land under their control and produce more for the markets.
(vi) Any other relevant point.
Any five benefits to be explained. 5x1=5
24. Five reasons for increase in deforerstation under the colonial rule:
i) Increase in demand for food.
ii) Forests were considered unproductive by the colonial rulers.
iii)Increase in need for raw materials for industrial production.
iv)Spread of railways
v) Development of plantation
Any other relevant point
Any five points to be explained 5x1=5
OR
Impact of the colonial policies on the life of Pastoralists
i) Loss of grazing land.
ii) Loss of cattle.
iii) Decline in the quality pastures.
iv) Shortage of forage for animals.
v) Death of cattle or
Any other relevant point Any five points to be explained 5x1=5
OR
The Peasants were not willing to grow opium in their fields.
i) The crop had to be grown on their best lands.
ii) Many cultivators owned no land.
iii) The rents charged on good lands near village was very high.
iv) Growing of opium was a difficult process.
v) The price given by government was low.
Any other relevant point
Any five points to be explained 5x1=5
25. (i) Britain's military success was based on the values taught to school boys in its public schools. 1+2=3
(ii) Eton was the most famous of these schools.
(iii) The English boarding school was the institution that trained English boys for
careers in the military, the civil service & the church.
(iv) Men like Thomas Arnold, head master of the famous Rugby School and founder of the modern public school system, saw team support like cricket and rugby not just as outdoor play, but as an organised way of teaching English boys the discipline.
(v) It taught the English boys, the importance of codes of honour and the leadership qualities that helped then build and run the British empire.
Any other relevant point. Any five arguments to be given. 5x1=5
OR
Many Indians reacted differently by the introduction of western style clothing.
(i) The wealthy Parsis of western India were among the first to adapt western style of clothing. Baggy trousers and the Phenta (or hat) were added to long colourless coats with boots and a walking stick to look like a gentleman.
(ii) Tosome, western clothes were a sign of modernity and progress.
(ii) There were others who were convinced that western culture would lead to a loss of traditional cultural identity.
(iv) The use of western style clothes was taken as a sign of the world turning upside down.
(v) Some men resolved this dilemma by wearing western clothes without giving up their Indian ones.
Anyother relevant point. Any five arguments to begiven. 5x1=5
26. Provisions made in the National Population Policy 2000
i) Imparting compulsory school education upto 14 years of age.
ii) Reducing infant mortality rate to below 30 per 1000 live birth.
iii) Achieving universal immunisation of children against all vaccine preventable diseases.
iv) Raising marriage age for girls.
v) Making family welfare a people centred programme.
Any other relevant point. Any five points 5x1=5
27. Two Houses of Parliament in India:
i) Lok Sabha & Rajya Sabha
ii) Lok Sabha is more powerful.
iii) a. If both the houses disagree on an ordinary bill, the will of Lok Sabha will prevail in the joint session due to its larger number.
b. Lok Sabha enjoys more powers in money matter. For example a money bill can only be introduced in Lok Sabha.
c. Lok Sabha controls the Council of Ministers.
d. Only Lok Sabha can pass the no confidence motion against the Council of Ministers.
Any other relevant point
Any three points 1+1+3=5
28. Rights are necessary for the sustenance of democracy because:
(i) Every citizen must have the right to vote and the right to be elected.
(ii) Every citizen should have the right to express his/her opinion.
(iii) Citizens have the right to form political parties.
(iv) Right to project minorities from the oppression of majority.
(v) Right to act as a check on misuse of government power.
Any other relevant point Any five arguments to be given (5x1=5)

9.Anti-Poverty Measures taken by teh Government of India.
1. National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) 2005
The Act provides 100 days assured employment every year to every rural household in 200 districts.
2. National Food for Work Programme.(NFWP) 2004 was launched in 150 most backward districts of the country. It is open to all rural poor who are in need of wage employment.
3. Prime Minister Rozgar Yogana (PMRY) 1993.
The aim is to create self employment opportunities for educated youth in rural areas and small towns.
4. Rural Empoyment Generation Programme (REGP) 1995
The aim to is to create self employment opportunities in rural areas.
5. Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yogana (SGSY) 1999.
It aims at bringing the poor families above poverty line by organizing them into self help groups through bank credit and government subsidy.
Any other relevant point Any five measures to be explained 5x1=5
30. Buffer stock is the stock of foodgrains and rice procured by the government through Food Corporation of India (FCI). 1
Buffer stock is created by the government :
(i) To distribute foodgrains in the deficit areas.
(ii) To use among the poorer strata of society at a lower price.
(iii) Toresolve the problem of shortage of food during adverse weather conditions or during the periods of calamity.
(iv) Any other point to maintain food security
Any other relevant point Any four points 1+ 4 = 5
31. See attached map for answer.
FOR BLIND CANDIDATES

(31.1) Montane Forests
(31.2) Haryana
(31.3.) Thiruvananthapuram
(31.4) Corbett National Park or Rajaji National Park
4 x 1 = 4
32.
Reserved Constituencies:
Some constituencies are reserved for people who belong to the Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled
Tribes (ST). In these constituencies, only some one who belongs to these categories can contest for
election.

Q. No. 31 (Answer)
Arguements for justification of the Concept

(i) The Constitution makers were worried that in an open electoral competition, certain weaker sections may not stand a good chance to get elected to Lok Sabha and the State Legislative Assemblies.
(ii) They may not have the required resources, education and contacts to contest and win elections against others.
(iii) If the reservation isnot done, our Parliament and Assemblies would be deprived of the voice of a significant Section of our population. 3x1=3
33. (i) Parliaments all over the world make laws, change existing laws or abolish existing laws and replace them by new ones. 1+3=4
(ii) Itexercises control over those who run the government.
(iii) Parliament controls all the money that government has.
(iv) Parliament is the highest forum of discussion and debate on public issues and national policies.
(v)Parliament can seek information on any matter. 4x1=4
Any four points.

Holidays Homework-2012- Cricket

Topic: Cricket
Collect information on Cricket and write it on the A4 size sheets. Also paste pictures wherever they are required.
It should be a 15-20 paged project.
Choose any one Topic from the following:
1. Evolution of cricket
2. Spread of cricket- India and South Africa
3. Equipments used in the cricket and changes in the same.
4. Commercialisation of cricket
5. Cricket and media.
(Difference between the two (old and contemporary(new) cricket))
Students are to write following information :
Page 1 - Name, clas, roll no., name of the project
Page 2 – Acknowlegement
Page 3 - Index
Last page - Bibliography (source of information)
Note: Make your project informative and put lots of pictures where ever needed, try to be creative and make use of Text book and Newspaper information.

Weightage +sample paper - SA-I- 2011

SOCIAL SCIENCE SYLLABUS-CLASS IX
Term-I (April to September 2011)
UNIT 1 (HISTORY ) India and the Contemporary World - I
Section 1 : Events and Processes
1. The French Revolution (Chapter 1) Compulsory
2. Russian Revolution (Chapter 2)
OR
3. Rise of Nazism (Chapter 3)
UNIT 2 (GEOGRAPHY) : India-Land and the People
1 India (Chapter 1 and 2)
2 Drainage (Chapter 3)
UNIT 3 (POLITICAL SCIENCE) : Democratic Politics - I
1 What is Democracy? Why Democracy? (Chapter 1 and 2)
2 Designing of democracy in India (Chapter 3)
UNIT 4 (ECONOMICS) : Understanding Economic Development - I
1 The economic Story of Palampore (Chapter 1)
2 People as Resource (Chapter 2)

UNIT 5 (DISASTER MANAGEMENT ) -- For Projects and Assignments only
1 Introduction to Disaster Management (Chapter 1)
2 Common Hazards (Chapter 2)
Note:
Chapter 1 and 2 of Disaster Management are meant for project and assignments only to be assessed through Formative Assessment.

(ii) Page 10-18 (Part 1.3 and 1.4) of Democratic Politics - 1 are to be assessed
through Formative Assessment only

Summative Assessment- I-II
Design of Question paper
Class-IX Time: 3Hrs MM:90 Weightage to form of Questions 


TERM-I
List of Map Items
(For Identification and Locating and labelling on the political outline map of India)
CHAPTER 1: India - Size & Location
For locating and labelling : Tropic of Cancer, Standard Meridian of India, Southern most point of India, Southern most point of mainland of India, Northern most point of India, Eastern most meridian of India, Western most Meridian of India.
CHAPTER 2 : Physical Features of India
(a) For locating & labelling
(i) Mt. peaks : K2, Kanchenjunga, Nanda Devi, Anai Mudi and Nanga Parbat
(ii)Passes : Bomdi-La and Shipkila.
(iii)Hills : Garo, Khasi, Jaintia, Naga Hills, Mizo Hills and Nilgiri
(b) For identification :
(i)Mountain ranges : The Karakoram, Zaskar, Shivaliks, Aravali, Vindhya, Satpura,
Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats,
(ii) Plateaus : Deccan plateau, Chotanagpur plateau and Malwa plateau.
(iii) Coastal strips : Coromandel, Northern Circar, Malabar and Konkan.
Chapter 3 : Drainage
(a) For Locating & labelling :
(i) Lakes : Chilka, Pulicat, Kolleru, Vembanad and Sambhar.
(b) For identification :
(i)Rivers : Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra, Satluj, Narmada, Tapi, Mahanadi, Godavari,
Krishna and Kaveri.
The map question will consist of (1) Two items for identificaton.
and(2) Two items for locating and labelling to be marked in the same map
Note : Items for locating and labelling may also be asked for identification.

Sample Question Paper
Term-I (October-2011) Class IX

Time: 3hours M.M.: 90

Instructions :

1. The question paper has 31 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
2. Marks are indicated against each question.
3. Questions from serial number 1-10 are Multiple Choice Questions. Each question carries one mark.
4.Questions from serial number 11 to 22 are 3 mark questions. Answer of these questions should not exceed 80 words each
5. Questions from serial number 23 to 30 are 5 mark questions. Answer of these questions should not exceed 120 words each.
6.Question number 31 is a map question of 4 mark from Geography only. After completion, attach the map inside your answer book.
1. On what charges was Louis XVI Guillotined?
(a)Misgovernance (b) Cruelty (c)Treason (d) Absolute rule 1
2. By whom was 'social contract' written?
(a) Voltaire (b) Rousseau (c) Adam Smith (d) Gorky 1
3.In which one of the following groups of Hemispheres India is located?
(a)Eastern and Western Hemisphere
(b)Northern and Southern Hemisphere
(c) Eastern and Northern Hemisphere
(d)Land and Water Hemisphere 1
4. Which one of the following features is related to the lower course of the river?
(a)Delta (b) Meander (c) Ox-bow Lake (d) Gorge 1
5. Which one of the following is the best way to establish democracy in a country?
(a)Foreign aggression by a democratic country.
(b)People’s struggle within their own country.
(c)Resolution by the U.N. General Assembly.
(d) Voluntary support by the majority of the people. 1
6. Which one of the following international organizations is responsible for maintaining peace
and security among countries of the world?
(a) U.N. General Assembly
(b) U.N. Security Council
(c) International Court of Justice
(d) International Monetary Fund 1
7.Who one of the following was the chairman of the Drafting Committee for making the
Constitution of India?
(a)Rajendra Prasad (b) Baldev Singh
(c)H.C. Mookerjee (d) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar 1
8. Which among the following is not an item of fixed capital?
(a)Tools (b) Raw Materials
(c)Machines (d) Building
9.Which one of the following activities is associated with the primary sector?
(a)Pottery (b) Basket weaving
(c)Education (d) Mining 1
10.Which one of the following is an activity of tertiary sector?
(a)Agriculture (b) Forestery
(c)Banking (d) Manufacturing 1
11.Explain Lenin's 'April Theses'. 3
OR why did Weimar Republic set up in Germany after the first world war become unpopular?Give three reasons. 3x1=3
12.Explain any three main features of Stalin's collectivization programme. 3x1=3
OR
Explain any three effects of Nazism on the school system? 3x1=3
13.What is the latitudinal extent of India? How does it influence our lives? Explain giving two examples. 1+2=3 
14.Name the three parallel ranges of the Himalayas. Write three features of northern most range of the Himalaya. 1½+1½=3
15. Name the three types of plate boundaries. Explain one characterstic of each.
1½+1½=3
16.How are the peninsular rivers of India different from those of the Himalayas? Give any three points of distinction. 3x1=3
17.Explain any three difficulties faced by the people in a non-democratic country. 3x1=3
18.State any three arguments against democracy. 3x1=3
19.Why do we call India a secular democratic republic? Explain. 3
20. Why is human capital the most important factor of production? Give three reasons. 3x1=3
21. How have countries like Japan become rich and developed? Explain three reasons. 3x1=3
22.What are the various activities which are classified with three main sectors? Name eachsector with suitable examples. 3x1=3
23.Despite various reforms introduced by Robespeire, why was his reign termed as reign of terror? Explain. 5
24. Explain the circumstances that helped the middle class in bringing social and economic changes in France in the 18th Centrury. 5
25. Explain any five changes introduced by Bolsheviks in Russia after October Revolution of 1917. 5x1=5
OR
Explain any five features of political policy adopted by Hitler after coming to power in 1933. 5x1=5
26. Which are the two physical divisions of the Peninsular plateau? Write four characteristics of each division. 1+2+2=5
27.What is democracy? Explain any four features of a democrative set up? 1+4=5
28. Why do we need a constitution? Describe any three main functions of the constitution.
2+3=5
29.Explain the four requirements of the production of goods and services. What are the items that come under physical capital? 4+1=5
30. What are the two types unemployment found in rural areas? How does unemployment affect the overall growth of an economy? Explain by giving four points. 1+4=5
31.1. Two features (1-2) are marked on the given political outline map of India. Identify these features
with the help of following information and write their correct names on the lines marked in the
map. 1.
A mountain range
2.An important river of South India. 
31.2. Locate and label the following on the same political outline map of India.
a. Mount K2
b. Tropic of Cancer 2+2=4
Note : The following question is for the visually impaired candidates only, in lieu of map Q.no. 31.
(31.1) Which is the smallest state of India in respect of area?
(31.2) In which state is Aravali mountain range?
(31.3) Name the highest mountain peak of India.
(31.4) What is the latitude of Tropic of Cancer? 4x1=1




Marking Scheme
Class IX

1.(c)
2. (b)
3. (c)
4. (a)
5.(d)
6.(b)
7.(d)
8.(b)
9.(d)
10.(c)
11.Lenin put three demands which were known as Lenin's 'April Theses'.
They were :i. The war be brought to a close.
ii.Land be transferred to the peasants.
iii. The banks be nationalized.
These three demands to be explained. 3x1=3
OR
After the defeat of Germany in the war, the German emperor abdicated and Weimer
Republic was proclaimed by the National Assembly with a federal structure.
1.This republic, however, could never become popular. The people made this government
responsible for accepting the humiliating treaty of Versailles.
2.People made this government responsible for the miseries experienced by the people.
3.The Weimer Republic was being made to pay for the sins of the old empire. The
supporters of the Weimer Republic mainly socialists, Catholics and Democrats
became easy targets of attack in nationalist circles.
4.Democracy and republican government was yet a new idea, the importance of which
was not easily comprehended by the common people.
5.Any other relevant point
(Any three points) 3x1=3
12.
13.
14.Main features of Stalin’s collectivization programme:
i. All the peasants were forced to cultivate in collective farms. (Kolkhoz)
ii.The bulk of land and implements were transferred to the ownership of collective farms.
iii.Peasants worked on the land and the Kolkhoz profit was shared.
iv.Some peasants resisted the authorities and destroyed their livestock.
v. Those who resisted collectivisation were punished.
vi.Many were deported and jailed.
(Any three points.) 3x1=3
OR
1. All schools were 'cleared' and purified.
2.Children were first segregated. German and Jews could not sit together or play together.
3.Eventually all undesirable children such as jews and gypsies were thrown out of schools.
4. Good German children were subjected to prolonged period of Nazi Schooling. 1x4
Any three points 3x1=3
Latitudinal extent : 6º4'N to 37°6'N 1 mark
Influence :
1.Tropic of Cancer divides the country into two equal parts.
2.Thus India is situated in tropical and temperate zones.
3.Northern part of India has high annual range of temperature whereas the southern part has low annual range of temperature
4. The latitudinal extent influences the duration of the day and night as one moves from south to north
5.Duration of day and night varies from 45 minutes in the extreme south to 5½ hours in the extreme north.
6. Any other relevant point.
(Any two points to be explained) 2 marks 1+2=3
Parallel Ranges
1.Himadri / Greater Himalaya / Inner Himalaya
2.Himachal / Lesser Himalaya
3.Shiwaliks 3x½ = 1½
Himadri Features of :
i. It is the most continuous range 
ii.Consisting of the loftiest peaks with an average height of 6000 metres.
iii.The folds are asymmetrical in nature.
iv. Composed of granite
v. It is perennially snow bound.
(Any three features.) 3x½=1½ mark
15.Names of plate boundaries
(i) convergent Boundary
(ii)Divergent Boundary
(iii) Transform Boundary 1½ marks
B- Characteristics
(i)Plates come towards each other and form convergent boundary.
(ii) Plates move away from each other and form divergent boundary
(iii)Here plates move horizentally past each other and form transform boundary.
1½ marks 1½+1½=3
16. The Peninsular Rivers The Himalayan Rivers
(i)A large number of the peninsular rivers Most of the Himalayan rivers are perennial.are seasonal. They depend on rainfall.
They depend on rainfall as well as on
melting of snow.
(ii) The peninsular rivers have shorter and They have long courses from their source
shallower courses. to mouth.
(iii) They hardly perform erosional activity They perform intensive erosional activity even in their upper course. in their upper courses.
(iv)Major rivers are Mahanadi, Godavari, Major rivers are Indus, Ganga and
Krishna, Kaveri, Narmada and Tapi Brahmaputra
(v) Any other point of distinction
(Any three points) 3x1=3
17.i. People do not have any rights.
ii.They can't choose or change their rulers.
iii. There is no real freedom to express one's opinion.
iv.There are no political associations, organized protests & political actions.
v. Any other relevant point.
(Any three points to be explained) 3x1=3
18.i. Leaders keep changing in a democracy. This leads to instability.
ii.Democracy leads to corruption for it is based on electoral competition.
iii.Elected leaders do not know the best interest of the people. It leads to wrong decisions.
iv.It delays decision making process.
v. Any other relevant point.
(Any three points) 3x1=3
19. (i) India is called secular because its citizens have complete freedom to follow and practise any religion of their own choice.
(ii)Democracy means that India has a government where people enjoy equal political
rights, elect their rulers who are accountable
(iii)Head of the state ie India’s President (Rashtrapati) is elected and is not hereditary 3x1=3
20. (a) Human capital refers to the people who possess the knowledge and enterprise to put together the other factors of production.
(b)Investment in human capital yields a return just like investment in physical capital.
(c)It is essential as physical capital cannot produce goods and services on their own.
(d)Any other relevant point.
(Any three points to be explained.) 3x1=3
21.(a) The countries like Japan do not have any natural resources. They import the needed resources.
(b) They have invested in human resource especially in the field of education & health.
(c) Efficiency & technology evolved by people have made these countries rich &
developed.
(d) Any other relevant point.
(Any three to be explained) 3x1=3
22.Human occupations are classified into three categories
1. Primary occupation : Agriculture, Animal Husbandary, Forestry, Fishing, Mining
and Quarrying.
2.Secondary Occupation: Manufacturing industry, building construction work etc.
3. Tertiary Occupation : Transport, Communication, Commerce, Administration and
other services (such as teaching, medical etc.) 3x1=3
23.The Jacobin government under Robespierre abolished monarchy and declared France as a Republic, a form of government where people elect the government, including the Head of theState. 1 mark
Inspite of bringing these landmark changes, his period was referred to as a reign of terror
1.He followed a policy of severe control and punishment.
2.Examples of his policies, like maximum ceiling on wages and prices and rationing of
meat and bread.
3.All those who opposed him were considered enemies of the republic, were arrested,
imprisoned and tried by a revolutionary tribunal.
4.If found guilty they were guillotined.
5. Any other relevant point.
(Any four points) 4x1=4 marks 1+4=5
24.The circumstances that helped the middle class in bringing social and economic changes in France in 18th century:
(a) American war of Independence
(b) Spread of new philosophy
(c) Expansion of Trade
(d)The belief of the lawyers and administration that no group in society should be privileged by birth.
(e) Rise of new ideas that society should be based on freedom and equal laws and
opportunities for all.
(f) Any other relevant point.
(Any five points to be explained) 5x1=5
25. The changes introduced by the Bolsheviks after October Revolution (1917)
(a)Nationalisation of Bank
(b)Land declared social property
(c) Land distributed among nobility.
(d) Partition of houses according to family requirement
(e)Banned old titles of aristocracy
(f) New uniforms designed for officials
(Any five points to be explained) 5x1=5
OR
Policies adopted by Hitler once he came to power in 1933.
(a)Suspended civil rights.
(b)Communists sent to consertration camps.
(c)Introduced Enabling Act.
(d) Banning of all political parties and trade unions.
(e) State control over economy, media, army and Judiciary.

(f)Creation of special serveillance and security forces.
(g)Any other relevant point.
(Explain any five points.) 5x1=5
26. Physical division of Peninsular Plateau:
(A) Central Highlands (B) Deccan Plateau
Characteristics ½+½=1 mark
A. i. Lies to the north of Narmada river.
ii.It covers a major area of the Malwa plateau.
iii. It is bound by the Vindhyan range in the south and Aravalis on the north
west.
iv.The Central Highlands are wider in the west and narrower in the east.
v. The eastward extensions are locally known as the Baghelkhand,and Chotanagpur.
vi.Any other relevant point.
(Any four characteristics.) 4x½=2 marks
B.i. The Deccan plateau is a triangular landmass.
ii.It lies to the south of the Narmada river.
iiiSatpura range flanks its broad base in the north while Mahadev, the Kaimur
and Maikal ranges form its eastern extensions.
iv. It is higher in the west and slopes gently eastwards.
v. Its extension towards northeast, locally known and the Meghalaya as Karbi-
Anglon plateau.
vi. Any other relevant point.
(Any four characteristics.) 4x½=2 marks
1+2+2=5

27.Democracy is a form of government in which the rulers are elected by the people or any other relevant definition. 1 mark
i. A democratic government is a better government because it is more accountable to
the people.
ii. Democracy improves quality of decision making.
iii. Democracy provides a method to deal with differences and conflicts.
iv. Democracy enhances the dignity of citizens.
v. Any other relevant point.
(Any four points to be described) 4x1=4 marks 1+4=5 
28.We need a constitution because it is the supreme law of a country which not only determines the relationship among the people living in a territory, but also the relationship between the people and the government. 2 marks
(a)The constitution generates a degree of trust and coordination that is necessary for different kinds of people to live together.
(b)It specifies how the govt. will be constituted, who will have power to take which
decisions.
(c) it lays down limits on the power of the government and tells us what the rights of the citizens are.
(d) It expresses the aspirations of the people about creating a good society.
(e) Any other relevant point.
(Any three points.) 3x1=3 marks 2+3=5
29.The four main requirements for the production of goods and services are:
(a) Land and other natural reasons.
(b) Labour i.e. people who carry out the work for production.
(c)Capital i.e. varieties of inputs are required for production such as (i) fixed capital (ii) working capital
(d) Human capital. 4x1=4 marks
Example of Physical Capital.
(i) Fixed capital eg tools, machines (ii) Working capital eg raw material.
1 mark
4+1=5

30.l
The two types of unemployments are (i) seasonal (ii) disguised 1 mark
l The unemployment has detrimental impact on the overall growth of an economy.
(a)It is a wastage of man power resource.
(b) It increases the economic overload.
(c)It tends to increase the number of dependant population.
(d)Increase in unemployment is an indicator of a depressed economy.
4x1=4 1+4=5
31.Filled in map attached
For visually impaired candidates.
(31.1) Goa
(31. 2) Rajasthan
(31.3) Mt. K2
(31.4) 23 N
4+1=5
15

Q. 31. Mt. K2
ARAVALI RANGES
a b TROPIC OF CANCER
2 RIVER KAVERI





Formative Assessment-IX-DRAINAGE

CLASS IX -E was given an activity on Drainage.. class was divided into groups and each were given a River on which they were to make a presentation..depicting its course, tributaries,pilgrimage places and any other related information.
Here are some glimpse of the activity done in the class..